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Kanban vs Scrum vs Scrumban

Kanban vs Scrum vs Scrumban: संपूर्ण तुलना गाइड

<a className="txt-link" href="https://www.teachingAgile.com/about">Abhay Talreja</a>

द्वारा Abhay Talreja

4/1/2025

मेरा नवीनतम लेख - Empirical Process Control - The Key to Agile Success

Kanban vs Scrum vs Scrumban: संपूर्ण तुलना गाइडKanban vs Scrum vs Scrumban: संपूर्ण तुलना गाइड

Agile framework चुनना आपकी टीम के लिए सबसे महत्वपूर्ण निर्णयों में से एक है। Kanban, Scrum, और Scrumban तीन सबसे लोकप्रिय approaches हैं, प्रत्येक की अपनी unique strengths और ideal use cases हैं।

यह व्यापक गाइड इन तीनों frameworks की तुलना करती है ताकि आप अपनी टीम के लिए सही चुनाव कर सकें।

Quick Answer: एक नज़र में तुलना

पहलूScrumKanbanScrumban
StructureFixed Sprints (2-4 weeks)Continuous flowFlexible sprints या continuous
RolesProduct Owner, Scrum Master, Developersकोई prescribed roles नहींHybrid - जरूरत अनुसार
PlanningSprint Planning eventContinuous prioritizationOn-demand या periodic
Work LimitsSprint capacityWIP limits per columnWIP limits with optional sprints
ChangesSprint के बादकभी भीFlexible
Best ForProduct developmentOperations, supportTransitioning teams
Meetings4 prescribed eventsCadence-basedHybrid approach
MetricsVelocityCycle time, Lead timeदोनों का combination

Scrum को समझना

Scrum क्या है?

Scrum एक structured Agile framework है जो time-boxed iterations (Sprints) में काम करता है। यह complex products develop करने के लिए designed है।

Scrum की मुख्य विशेषताएं

तीन Pillars:

  • Transparency - सभी को process और progress दिखे
  • Inspection - नियमित review और feedback
  • Adaptation - learnings के आधार पर adjust करें

तीन Roles:

Roleजिम्मेदारियां
Product OwnerProduct vision, backlog prioritization, stakeholder management
Scrum MasterProcess facilitation, impediment removal, team coaching
DevelopersSelf-managing team जो product बनाती है

पांच Events:

  1. Sprint - 1-4 weeks का time-box
  2. Sprint Planning - Sprint goal और work decide करना
  3. Daily Scrum - 15-minute daily sync
  4. Sprint Review - Increment demonstrate करना
  5. Sprint Retrospective - Process improvement

तीन Artifacts:

  1. Product Backlog - Ordered list of everything needed
  2. Sprint Backlog - Sprint के लिए selected items
  3. Increment - Usable product version

Scrum के फायदे

✓ Clear structure और predictability ✓ Regular delivery cycles ✓ Built-in feedback mechanisms ✓ Cross-functional team collaboration ✓ Continuous improvement focus

Scrum की चुनौतियां

✗ Fixed sprints से rigidity ✗ Urgent work handle करने में difficulty ✗ Overhead for small teams ✗ Sprint boundaries artificial लग सकती हैं

Kanban को समझना

Kanban क्या है?

Kanban एक visual workflow management system है जो continuous flow पर focus करता है। इसकी कोई prescribed structure नहीं है।

Kanban की मुख्य विशेषताएं

छह Core Practices:

Practiceविवरण
Visualize WorkflowBoard पर सभी work दिखाएं
Limit WIPColumn-based work limits
Manage FlowBottlenecks identify और resolve करें
Make Policies ExplicitRules clearly define करें
Implement Feedback LoopsRegular reviews
Improve CollaborativelyExperimental evolution

Change Management Principles:

  1. जहां हैं वहीं से शुरू करें
  2. Incremental, evolutionary change
  3. Current roles का respect करें
  4. सभी levels पर leadership encourage करें

Kanban के फायदे

✓ Flexibility - कभी भी priorities change करें ✓ No prescribed roles या ceremonies ✓ Existing processes पर overlay ✓ Continuous delivery ✓ Reduced batch sizes

Kanban की चुनौतियां

✗ Structure की कमी से direction loss ✗ Discipline required for WIP limits ✗ Estimation और planning harder ✗ May lack delivery rhythm

Scrumban को समझना

Scrumban क्या है?

Scrumban Scrum और Kanban का hybrid है। यह दोनों के best elements combine करता है।

Scrumban की उत्पत्ति

Scrumban तब develop हुआ जब teams ने discover किया कि:

  • Pure Scrum बहुत rigid था
  • Pure Kanban में structure कम था
  • Hybrid approach दोनों benefits दे सकता था

Scrumban की मुख्य विशेषताएं

Scrum से borrowed:

  • Regular planning (जब needed)
  • Retrospectives
  • Optional sprints
  • Team ceremonies (adapted)

Kanban से borrowed:

  • Visual board
  • WIP limits
  • Continuous flow focus
  • Pull-based system
  • Cycle time metrics

Scrumban Implementation Patterns

Pattern 1: Scrum-Heavy Scrumban

Sprint structure maintain करें
+ WIP limits add करें
+ Continuous flow allow करें

Pattern 2: Kanban-Heavy Scrumban

Continuous flow primary
+ Regular retrospectives
+ On-demand planning

Pattern 3: Balanced Scrumban

Flexible sprint lengths
+ All WIP limits
+ Selected ceremonies

Scrumban के फायदे

✓ Best of both worlds ✓ Transition के लिए ideal ✓ Context के अनुसार adjustable ✓ Urgent work handle करने में easy

Scrumban की चुनौतियां

✗ Clear definition की कमी ✗ "Neither fish nor fowl" बन सकता है ✗ Team confusion possible ✗ Discipline required

विस्तृत तुलना

1. Work Planning

पहलूScrumKanbanScrumban
Planning frequencyEvery sprintContinuousOn-demand
CommitmentSprint goalNo commitmentFlexible
EstimationStory pointsOptionalHybrid
BacklogPrioritizedPrioritizedPrioritized

2. Work Execution

पहलूScrumKanbanScrumban
Work intakeSprint-basedPull-basedHybrid
ChangesAfter sprintAnytimeMostly anytime
Batch sizeSprint capacityWIP limitWIP limit
DeliverySprint endContinuousEither

3. Team Structure

पहलूScrumKanbanScrumban
Roles3 defined rolesNo prescribedOptional
Team size3-9 developersAnyAny
SpecializationCross-functionalFlexibleFlexible
LeadershipScrum MasterDistributedHybrid

4. Meetings और Events

Event TypeScrumKanbanScrumban
Daily syncDaily Scrum (15 min)Optional standupUsually daily
PlanningSprint PlanningContinuousWhen needed
ReviewSprint ReviewOptionalOptional
RetrospectiveSprint RetroCadence-basedUsually yes

5. Metrics

MetricScrumKanbanScrumban
PrimaryVelocityCycle timeBoth
BurndownSprint burndownCFDEither
PredictabilitySprint-basedStatisticalHybrid
QualityDefinition of DoneExplicit policiesBoth

6. Change Management

पहलूScrumKanbanScrumban
Scope changesAfter sprintAnytimeMostly anytime
Priority changesSprint boundaryImmediateImmediate
Process changesRetrospectiveContinuousEither
ResistanceLower (structured)VariableMedium

कौन सा Framework कब चुनें

Scrum चुनें जब:

  1. Product Development

    • Complex products build कर रहे हों
    • Regular releases needed हों
    • Long-term roadmap हो
  2. Team Characteristics

    • Cross-functional team available हो
    • Dedicated team members हों
    • Collaboration culture हो
  3. Organizational Needs

    • Predictability important हो
    • Stakeholder alignment needed हो
    • Clear governance required हो
  4. Project Type

    • New product development
    • Feature-based work
    • Innovation projects

Kanban चुनें जब:

  1. Work Nature

    • Operations और support work
    • Unpredictable demand
    • Variable item sizes
    • Continuous service delivery
  2. Team Situation

    • Shared resources across projects
    • Existing processes maintain करने हों
    • Minimal disruption चाहिए
  3. Organizational Context

    • Change resistance high हो
    • Gradual improvement preferred
    • Multiple stakeholders
  4. Specific Scenarios

    • IT support teams
    • Marketing campaigns
    • Content creation
    • Customer service

Scrumban चुनें जब:

  1. Transition Phase

    • Scrum से Kanban जा रहे हों
    • Kanban से structure add कर रहे हों
    • Hybrid needs हों
  2. Work Characteristics

    • Mix of planned और unplanned work
    • Some sprints, some continuous
    • Variable project types
  3. Team Evolution

    • Mature Scrum team experimenting
    • Kanban team adding ceremonies
    • Finding the right balance
  4. Specific Use Cases

    • Development + maintenance
    • Product + support
    • Mixed portfolios

Decision Framework

क्या आपके पास fixed release cycles हैं?
├── हां → क्या team dedicated है?
│   ├── हां → Scrum
│   └── नहीं → Scrumban
└── नहीं → क्या आपको structure चाहिए?
    ├── हां → Scrumban
    └── नहीं → Kanban

Implementation Strategy

Scrum Implementation

Week 1-2: Foundation

  • Team formation
  • Role assignment
  • Initial training

Week 3-4: First Sprint

  • Sprint Planning
  • Daily Scrums शुरू करें
  • Basic ceremonies

Week 5-8: Refinement

  • Sprint Review और Retro
  • Process adjustments
  • Metric tracking

Month 3+: Optimization

  • Velocity stabilization
  • Advanced practices
  • Continuous improvement

Kanban Implementation

Week 1: Setup

  • Current workflow visualize करें
  • Initial WIP limits set करें
  • Board create करें

Week 2-4: Observation

  • Flow observe करें
  • Bottlenecks identify करें
  • Data collect करें

Month 2: Optimization

  • WIP limits adjust करें
  • Policies refine करें
  • Metrics analyze करें

Month 3+: Evolution

  • Continuous improvement
  • Advanced practices
  • Scaling considerations

Scrumban Implementation

Phase 1: Baseline

  • Current state assess करें
  • Decide starting point (Scrum या Kanban heavy)
  • Team alignment

Phase 2: Hybrid Setup

  • Visual board create करें
  • WIP limits add करें
  • Ceremonies decide करें

Phase 3: Balance

  • Experiment करें
  • Adjust करें
  • Optimal mix find करें

सामान्य गलतियां

Scrum गलतियां

गलतीसमस्यासमाधान
Cargo cult ScrumCeremonies without understandingTraining और coaching
Sprint stuffingOver-commitmentSustainable pace
No retrospectivesNo improvementMake them valuable
Ignoring impedimentsBlocked workSM accountability

Kanban गलतियां

गलतीसमस्यासमाधान
No WIP limitsOverloadStart with limits
Ignoring bottlenecksContinuous delaysAddress root causes
No policiesInconsistencyDocument rules
Board abandonmentLost visibilityRegular updates

Scrumban गलतियां

गलतीसमस्यासमाधान
Cherry pickingNeither framework worksIntentional design
No directionConstant changesStable foundation
ComplexityToo many rulesSimplify
Identity crisisTeam confusionClear definition

Framework Selection गलतियां

गलती 1: Trend Following

  • Problem: Popular framework choose करना without fit
  • Solution: अपनी needs assess करें

गलती 2: One-Size-Fits-All

  • Problem: पूरे organization में same framework
  • Solution: Team और work type consider करें

गलती 3: Premature Optimization

  • Problem: Advanced practices too early
  • Solution: Basics master करें पहले

गलती 4: Ignoring Culture

  • Problem: Framework vs. culture mismatch
  • Solution: Cultural readiness assess करें

निष्कर्ष

Key Takeaways

Scrum:

  • Structure और predictability के लिए best
  • Product development के लिए ideal
  • Requires dedicated team और commitment

Kanban:

  • Flexibility और continuous flow के लिए best
  • Operations और support के लिए ideal
  • Existing processes पर overlay possible

Scrumban:

  • Hybrid needs के लिए best
  • Transitioning teams के लिए ideal
  • Requires intentional design

Final Recommendations

  1. अपनी specific needs से शुरू करें

    • Work type analyze करें
    • Team dynamics consider करें
    • Organizational context देखें
  2. Simple शुरू करें

    • Core practices पहले
    • Gradually add complexity
    • Learn और adapt करें
  3. Experiment करें

    • Framework को dogmatically follow न करें
    • अपनी context के लिए adapt करें
    • Regular retrospectives करें
  4. Results measure करें

    • Metrics track करें
    • Improvements identify करें
    • Data-driven decisions लें

आगे बढ़ें

कोई भी framework perfect नहीं है। सबसे important बात यह है कि आप अपनी team और context के लिए सही approach find करें, और continuously improve करते रहें।

आगे पढ़ें